WRIST
Ultrasound allows immediate evaluation of periarticular soft tissues, both statically and dynamically. Following structures can be evaluated: tendons of flexors and extensor of the hand, radiocarpal joint, median and ulnar nerve, arteries.
Position of the patient:
Patient is seated in front of the examiner with a bed or a table in between. The position of the upper extremity varies from the scanning area (see figures below).
1. Anterior (palmar) view
A. Transversal plane
B. Longitudinal plane
C. Oblique plane
2. Medial (ulnar) view
A. Transversal plane (ECU)
3. Lateral (radial) view
A. Transversal plane
4. Posterior (dorsal) view
A. Transversal plane
B. Longitudinal plane
5. Finger view
A. Longitudinal plane
1. Anterior view
First of all carpal tunnel is located – the bony structures surrounding the carpal tunnel are pisiform, scaphoid, hamate and capitate bone. Tendons of the hand flexors and the median nerve are located in the carpal tunnel underneath the flexor retinaculum. At the ulnar side the Guyon’s canal can be seen with ulnar nerve and artery passing through.
Figure 1. U – ulnar nerve, M – median nerve, A – ulnar artery, Pi – os pisiforme, Ha – os hamatum, Ca – os capitatum, Sc – os scaphoideum, RF – retinaculum flexorum, FCR – flexor carpi ulnaris.
1. Anterior view
First of all carpal tunnel is located – the bony structures surrounding the carpal tunnel are pisiform, scaphoid, hamate and capitate bone. Tendons of the hand flexors and the median nerve are located in the carpal tunnel underneath the flexor retinaculum. At the ulnar side the Guyon’s canal can be seen with ulnar nerve and artery passing through.
Figure 1. U – ulnar nerve, M – median nerve, A – ulnar artery, Pi – os pisiforme, Ha – os hamatum, Ca – os capitatum, Sc – os scaphoideum, RF – retinaculum flexorum, FCR – flexor carpi ulnaris.
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